Four-dimensional electron microscopy.

Four-Dimensional Electron Microscopy

Recording and Using 4D-STEM Datasets in Materials Science

Traditional scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) detectors are monolithic and integrate a subset of the transmitted electron beam signal scattered from each electron probe position, shown schematically in Figure 1. These convergent beam electron diffraction patterns (CBED) are extremely rich in information, containing localized information on sample structure [1], composition [2], p...

Three Dimensional Culturing of Human Jaw Osteoblasts in PLLA/HA Scaffold

Background & Aims: Tissue engineering using somatic cells and synthetic extracellular matrix (scaffold) represents a new approach for regeneration of mineralized tissue and bone. This study was carried out to investigate the ability of a PLLA/HA scaffold to culture osteoblast cells in a three dimensional milieu. Method: Three bony samples were taken from extraction sites during surgical extract...

Ultrafast core-loss spectroscopy in four-dimensional electron microscopy

We demonstrate ultrafast core-electron energy-loss spectroscopy in four-dimensional electron microscopy as an element-specific probe of nanoscale dynamics. We apply it to the study of photoexcited graphite with femtosecond and nanosecond resolutions. The transient core-loss spectra, in combination with ab initio molecular dynamics simulations, reveal the elongation of the carbon-carbon bonds, e...

سنتز گرافن سه بعدی و بهینه‌سازی مورفولوژی آن

Due to electrical properties (high electron mobility) and electrochemical characteristics (high electron transport rate), graphene-based  materials have been widely applied for various scientific fields. However, due to their two-dimensional  structures, these materials have low active sites for reaction. Therefore, changing from two-dimensional sheets dimensional to the three-dimensi...